
“I wasn’t expecting so many flowers and trees!”
A friend of mine said this to me when she was visiting New York last week. I was so happy to tell her about the vital work of the Natural Areas Conservancy and so many other organizations and individuals working to protect and expand our urban tree canopy and green spaces.
I completely understand her surprise. When we visualize New York City, we usually picture a dense grid of concrete, steel, and glass. We rarely picture an ancient, old-growth forest. Yet, at the very northern tip of Manhattan, a profoundly wild place defies every urban stereotype.
For Earth Day this year, we are looking at the ultimate example of urban resilience: Inwood Hill Park.
A Living Time Capsule Inwood Hill Park holds the last natural old growth forest and the final remaining natural salt marsh in Manhattan. Walking its trails completely transports you. The relentless hum of the city fades, replaced by the rustle of leaves from the massive tulip trees and the calls of migratory birds. The land bears the marks of the retreating glaciers that shaped the island and holds the ghosts of the Revolutionary War. Through centuries of explosive, relentless urban development, this singular forest continues to survive and thrive.
Ancestral Land and Ongoing Stewardship Long before European colonizers arrived, the Lenape people stewarded this land for thousands of years. They utilized the geological formations of the area, relying on the natural caves for shelter and the rivers for sustenance. Inwood Hill Park remains the ancestral homeland of the Lenape. Their connection to this forest does not simply exist in the past; it is an active, living relationship. Today, the Lenape Center leads vital, continuous work across New York City. They actively preserve their cultural heritage, advance indigenous narratives, and nurture their enduring relationship with this place. Recognizing their profound, ongoing stewardship is absolutely essential when we celebrate the survival of this forest.
The Lungs of New York Inwood Hill Park does much more than just provide shade; it performs critical environmental work that keeps our city clean and sustainable. The towering oak, tulip, maple, and cherry trees act as the literal lungs of Manhattan. They actively filter harmful particulate matter and pollutants from the air we breathe. Simultaneously, they absorb massive amounts of carbon dioxide, locking it securely away in their wood and soil to combat climate change right here in our backyard.
Below the canopy, the deep, undisturbed root systems act as a giant sponge. Whenever heavy rains hit the city, the forest floor captures thousands of gallons of stormwater. It prevents devastating runoff from overwhelming our sewer systems and flooding our streets. Furthermore, the thick foliage drastically cools the surrounding neighborhoods, actively fighting the deadly urban heat island effect during the brutal summer months. This single stretch of woods provides millions of dollars in free ecological services to the city every single year, and this is one of the main reasons that we have to increase funding to protect it and the city’s other green and wild spaces.
A Sanctuary for Healing Beyond the environmental benefits, nature provides profound physical and mental healing. Long before modern clinical studies proved that time spent in nature reduces cortisol levels and lowers blood pressure, New Yorkers intuitively understood the medicinal value of these woods.
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the House of Rest for Consumptives operated right inside the boundaries of what is now Inwood Hill Park. This tuberculosis sanatorium treated patients not with complex medical interventions, but by prescribing the healing power of the forest. Doctors specifically utilized the deep woods and high elevation to provide patients with pristine fresh air, offering a sanctuary away from the smog of the dense city below. Today, doctors are increasingly prescribing time in nature for many health reasons. We need quiet trails to soothe our nervous systems, lower our stress, decrease blood pressure, bolster mental health, and escape the hyper-connected demands of modern life.
The Power of Preservation We often assume that to build a thriving city, we must completely pave over the natural world. Inwood Hill Park proves we can orchestrate a different reality.
Preserving this old-growth forest within the densest city in the country is a triumph of community stewardship. It demonstrates that we do not have to choose between human progress and ecological preservation. We can protect our wild spaces right alongside our built environment, allowing them to protect us in return. If anything, we should expand our green space to ensure human health and progress.
The Togetherhood Takeaway This Earth Day, we can draw inspiration from the resilience of the forest.
- Discover your local wild: You do not need to leave the city to find nature. Seek out the untamed green spaces in your own borough or neighborhood.
- Protect the old growth: Whether it is a historic community garden, a single massive street tree, or a local park, advocate for nature in your area.
- Acknowledge the history: When you walk through a green space, take time to learn the archaeological and social history of the land. Support organizations like the Lenape Center that actively protect indigenous relationships with nature.
Step Into the Forest This Saturday Reading about the magic of the forest is one thing; experiencing it firsthand is life changing.
This Saturday, April 25, I am leading a guided nature walk through Inwood Hill Park. We will step off the pavement and explore the rich environmental, social, and archaeological history of Manhattan’s last natural forest together. We will look closely at the exact ecosystems keeping our city sustainable and experience the profound health benefits of walking under an old-growth canopy.
I have just a few spaces remaining on the tour, and I would love for you to join us. You can grab your spot and register right here: inwoodhillparknyc.eventbrite.com
Let’s celebrate Earth Day by getting our boots a little muddy and taking in the glory of nature together.








