Tag: climate

creativity

Zillow will provide climate risk data on for-sale listings

Christa Avampato
Man looking at loss of home to a tornado in Cambridge Shores, Kentucky in 2021. Photo by Chandler Cruttenden on Unsplash

If you’re a prospective homebuyer and concerned about climate risk, Zillow is about to make your search much easier. By the end of 2024, for-sale listings on Zillow’s website will include climate risk information for flood, wildfire, wind, heat, and air quality by partnering with First Street, the gold standard for climate risk financial modeling. First Street’s models are developed by leading scientists and vetted through a peer-review process to transparently calculate the past, present, and future climate risk for properties and make it available for all. This ensures the climate insights given on Zillow are both credible and actionable.

Zillow will also include insurance recommendations, climate risk scores, interactive maps, and show if and when a property has experienced past climate events. It will be the first and only real estate listing site to provide this detailed data, giving the company a significant point of differentiation.

Consumer demand
Zillow decided to provide this data based on overwhelming consumer demand. Zillow research in September 2023 showed 83% of prospective U.S. home buyers consider climate risk. That percentage varies by geography—90% in the West, 85% in the Northeast, 79% in the South, and 77% in the Midwest. The average age of a U.S. homebuyer today is 39. Millennials and Gen Z are entering the home buying market and care deeply about climate. Zillow is centering their current and future users. 

A potential shift in the real estate market
This data could significantly shift the real estate market and the migration of home buyers within the U.S. because climate risk is growing more pervasive. Across all new listings in August 2024, 55.5% have a major risk of extreme heat, 1/3 for extreme wind exposure, 16.7% for wildfire, 13% for air quality, and 12.8% for flooding. 

The risks vary widely by geography. Over 70% of new listings in the Riverside, California metro area have a major wildfire risk. Wildfire risks impact 47% of new listings in Sacramento, and roughly 1/3 of listings in Jacksonville, Phoenix, San Diego, and Denver. 76.8% of new listings in the New Orleans metro area have a major flood risk, while roughly 1/3 in Houston, Miami, and Tampa and over 1/4 in Virginia Beach are at risk of flooding. In general, Midwest markets hold the lowest climate risk with less than 10% of new listings having any major climate risk in Cleveland, Columbus, Milwaukee, Indianapolis, Minneapolis, Detroit, and Kansas City.

Accuracy of First Street climate risk data
Some cities and the federal government through FEMA provide some climate risk information. This includes designated flood zones that help consumers partially assess risk. However, this is not comprehensive enough to help consumers holistically gauge insurance needs and potential future risks. This is where First Street’s modeling really shows its financial value. 

Consider Hurricane Debby, the storm that wreaked havoc along the U.S. east coast in August 2024. First Street’s analysis found 78% of properties flooded by Debby were outside FEMA flood zones, meaning flood insurance isn’t mandatory. 85% of these properties would have received an insurance recommendation on Zillow, highlighting how First Street’s climate risk data can inform buyers during their home search.

Climate data can change where and how we build
Not only does First Street’s data on Zillow inform prospective home buyers and real estate agents; it can also serve home builders, municipalities, and the federal government. Home builders can use it to assess the value of their potential construction sites. Municipalities can use it to assess where they need to focus their infrastructure dollars for climate resiliency and adaptation builds. The federal government can use the data to re-evaluate and assess FEMA designations for climate events and more effectively consider plans to support the expansion of the available housing market. It may also help us as a society plan for migration within the U.S. as we face climate change impacts. 

What I find most refreshing about Zillow’s approach is that it’s not about politics or marketing. It’s about science and data. Zillow isn’t telling consumers which property to buy, or which risks they should consider. It’s providing the data in a clear, consistent manner so consumers can make the most clear-eyed choices possible. With this data in-hand, consumers can understand the risk they’re taking and how to prepare for it. In this risky world of ours, that’s data we all desperately need.

creativity

How trees are saving our morning cup of coffee

Christa Avampato
Nespresso Colombian coffee farm using agroforestry. Photo from Nespresso.

As I sip my morning coffee, I am grateful for trees. What do trees have to do with our coffee? In Colombia, everything. Trees are changing Colombian coffee, and the planet, for the better.

Arabica coffee grows at altitudes between 1,500 and 2,000 feet, on the sides of steep mountains. Colombian farmers have to consider ways to decrease soil erosion and increase biodiversity to pollinate their coffee crops. Collaborating with Nespresso, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, and PUR, they are rewilding their land and everyone is benefitting.

At Climate Week NYC, Andrew Nobrega at PUR, Julie Reneau at Nespresso, and Viviana Ruiz-Gutierrez at Cornell Lab of Ornithology reviewed their research, actions, and inspiring outcomes. Below, the picture on the left is a coffee monoculture in Colombia just south of Bogotá, meaning it only has coffee planted. The picture on the right shows agroforestry and regenerative agriculture— same amount of land, same amount of coffee planted, and filled in with other tree and plant species.

Nespresso presentation at 2024 Climate Week NYC. Photo by Christa Avampato.

In less than a decade, biodiversity above and below ground has increased between 10% and 20%. Farmers have diversified their income streams with additional crops, improved soil quality and water resources, decreased soil erosion, increased land resilience to storms and other climatic events, and sequestered carbon. Most importantly to the farmers, they have improved the quality of their coffee. 

Coffee was never meant to be a monoculture. It’s a forest plant that thrives in shade, which is exactly the optimal environment that agroforestry and regenerative agriculture practices provide. For more information on these programs at Nespresso, visit https://www.sustainability.nespresso.com/regenerative-agriculture.

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Can clean electricity for everyone everywhere end poverty?

Christa Avampato
Photo by Kendall Ruth on Unsplash

700 million people have no electricity. 3.1 billion people don’t have enough. Could changing that change everything?

Rajiv J. Shah, President of the Rockefeller Foundation and author of “Big Bets: How Large-Scale Change Really Happens”, published a New York Times opinion essay this week that makes the case for clean electrification as THE driver to end poverty, reduce violence, and drastically improve well-being including health, nutrition, jobs, and education, not to mention how it would provide us with cleaner water, air, soil, and crops.

I appreciate the holistic nature of the 17 Strategic Development Goals (SDGs). I also agree with Shah that we have to rethink how we’re approaching them by solving the few (or perhaps the one, as Shah suggests) underlying challenge(s) common across all the SDGs. The bureaucracy and complexity of 17 sets of solutions to meet 17 goals is enough to make anyone’s head spin, and it could very well be slowing our progress toward achieving any of them by 2030. These 17 goals may define symptoms, with the underlying disease being lack of clean electricity. 

If Shah is right, and clean electrification is the root challenge of all these goals, how might that change financial investment and policy? How might our climate actions and climate storytelling shift if our one united goal was to provide every person with clean electricity by 2030? What would it take to get there?

creativity

If you care about babies, you must care about bats

Christa Avampato
Image created by Christa Avampato using Canva Magic Media

When you think about ways to improve the health of human babies, you may not immediately think of helping bats stay healthy. You should. The journal Science published a shocking paper this month linking a rise in human infant mortality to a declining bat population.

In addition to being pollinators that bring us the gifts of flowers and food, bats also consume massive amounts of insects that infest our crops and cause us endless hours of itching from bug bites. A single bat can eat up to 1,200 mosquito-sized insects every hour, and each bat usually eats 6,000 to 8,000 insects each night. That’s a helpful service but what does that have to do with infant mortality? It’s a direct cause and effect. 

Plagued by an outbreak of the deadly white-nose syndrome, a fungal disease that kills bats, North American bat populations are dropping. This means there are fewer bats to eat insects that infest crops. That’s caused farmers to use more chemical insecticide. This insecticide leaches into crops, land, and water. This toxin has increased infant mortality. It’s also lowered crop yields, decreasing farmers’ crop revenue and the availability of fresh fruits and vegetables. 

This is just the latest study to show how the health of ecosystems is directly linked to human health and the economy. As much as I’d love for municipalities and companies to care about the planet because we depend on nature for our survival, as climate communicators and nature advocates we often have to make the economic business case to drive change. Studies like the one in Science linking bats and infant mortality provide a solid example of how to quantify the cost and value of biodiversity and ecosystem health.

I often hear the media vilify animals like bats without recognizing the vital role they play in our lives and in nature. If we can’t get people to care about bats because they are sentient beings and a part of nature, maybe now we can get people to care about them because they affect babies, the food supply, and our economy. If that’s the argument that works, it’s the argument I’ll make, backed up with research-based science and facts. 

Protect babies. Protect bats. 

creativity

Governor Tim Walz made Minnesota a climate action powerhouse

Christa Avampato
Image from Sierra Club

Minnesota Governor Tim Walz has spent the better part of the last decade instituting climate policies that make economic sense and help all Minnesota residents live healthier, happier lives. Let’s dive into what he’s done in Minnesota and how this could help the entire country. 

1.) Minnesota is a clean energy leader

Like many states, Minnesota was long powered by coal. Today, 50% of the state’s power comes from wind, solar, and nuclear power, thanks to Walz. It’s one of the fastest transitioning states in the country. In 2023, he signed the Minnesota Clean Energy Bill into law, ensuring Minnesota is fossil fuel-free by 2040. (If you want to see how all U.S. states stack up with their energy sources, check out this cool interactive created by Nadja Popovich.) 

2.) Minnesota is a climate policy leader

On Walz’s watch in 2022, Minnesota launched the Climate Action Framework. This plan is preparing the state for climate change impacts, taking immediate and near-term actions to make the state “carbon-neutral, resilient, and equitable.” To-date, this plan has prompted the Minnesota Legislature to approve over 40 climate initiatives across industries including energy, health, agriculture, construction, and transportation. 

3.) Minnesota policies connect everyday local concerns with climate solutions 

Minnesotans have acutely felt the impacts of climate change over the past 5 years — drought caused economic losses for farmers and ranchers, wildfire smoke inundated cities and towns leading to health challenges, and a lack of snow and ice caused economic losses in the fishing and winter tourism industries. The state’s climate policies focus on climate solutions that create jobs, protect land and water vital for farmers and ranchers, reduce energy costs for consumers, and improve air quality to improve the health of residents, particularly children, the elderly, and those with existing health conditions. 

Walz’s simple, straightforward, optimistic, and solution-oriented communication style unites people, makes them feel hopeful, and connects the challenges they face with policy solutions that will directly solve those challenges. This makes him wildly popular with constituents across the political spectrum. People trust him because he’s helping them. This has helped turn Minnesota into a climate action powerhouse. Using his playbook, we could do this for the entire country. 

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Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund creates economic opportunity and protects the planet

Christa Avampato

The Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund is a powerful climate finance policy in the U.S. that hasn’t gotten enough attention. It effectively leverages blended finance, creating an effective model for future policies. Here’s the deal:

With the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Vice President Kamala Harris announced a $20 billion investment in climate and clean energy projects: three under the $14 billion National Clean Investment Fund and five under the $6 billion Clean Communities Investment Accelerator. They will create a national clean financing network for clean energy and climate solutions across sectors, ensuring communities have access to the capital they need to participate in and benefit from a cleaner, more sustainable economy.

Together, the eight selected projects will deliver on the three objectives of the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund: reducing climate and air pollution; delivering benefits to communities, especially low-income and disadvantaged communities; and mobilizing financing and private capital. As part of this collective effort, selected applicants have committed to the following:

Fund projects across sectors that will reduce or avoid greenhouse gas emissions

  • These projects fund net-zero buildings, zero-emissions transportation, distributed energy generation and storage, and the decarbonization of agriculture and heavy industry.

Reach communities in all 50 states, the 6 U.S. territories, and Tribal Lands, with a particular focus on low-income and disadvantaged communities

  • $14 billion funds low-income and disadvantaged communities that need it most, ensuring that program benefits flow to the communities most in need and advance the President’s Justice40 Initiative
  • Over $4 billion to rural and energy communities
  • Nearly $1.5 billion to Tribal communities

Mobilize private capital at an almost 7:1 ratio over the next seven years, with every dollar in grant funds leveraged for almost seven dollars in private funds

  • This is a significant point because a sustainable world requires private investment. This means $20 billion in U.S. government funding activates an additional $130 billion in private capital from banks, asset managers, and individual investors for a total of $150 billion. (This is known as “blended finance” — investments from different sources are combined to achieve a common goal.)

Fund community lenders and partners who are already working in communities across the country to deliver investments quickly

  • 1,000 community lenders are lending in low-income and disadvantaged communities, including Community Development Financial Institutions (including Community Development Loan Funds, Community Development Banks, Community Development Credit Unions, and Community Development Venture Capital Funds); low-income credit unions, and green banks.

Hundreds of thousands of good-paying, high-quality jobs, especially in low-income and disadvantaged communities

  • Create hundreds of thousands of good-paying, high-quality jobs, supported by a number of local, regional, and national labor union jobs

Vice President Harris has spent her career standing up for people and the planet. She’s not resting on her laurels. She’s moving us forward toward a healthy, sustainable world for all. The Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund is a cornerstone of a set of policies that create economic opportunities while protecting the planet we share.

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Can ecofiction inspire climate action?

Christa Avampato
Created by Christa Avampato using AI.

While on vacation I wrote my first full piece of ecofiction for a climate fiction writing competition. It’s a short story (5,000 words) that provides a slice of life in New York City in the year 2200, and grew out of the research I did for my University of Cambridge dissertation.

It’s told through the eyes of a journalist walking his dog who by chance meets the 90-year-old former mayor who galvanized the rebuilding of NYC after it was destroyed by floods caused by climate change. Biomimicry figures prominently in it. I tried to incorporate humor, heart, and redemption alongside the heartbreak, loss, and destruction. Ultimately, it’s a story about leadership, community, and vision.

No matter the outcome of the competition, I enjoyed writing it and plan to do more with these characters and in this genre. The predominant channels and messages we’re using for climate storytelling now are not generating the scale and speed of the changes we need. Fiction can play a bigger role is painting the picture of what a world transformed can look like, what it will take to get there, and how we might work together to make it so. The fandoms around fiction can be a unifying force for good, which is exactly what we need, now more than ever.

(I created the images below with AI, inspired by the story I wrote.)

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What the Pope got wrong about climate change

Christa Avampato
Photo by Imat Bagja Gumilar on Unsplash

Last month, a study on conservation actions, including protected areas and management, showed they effectively halt and reverse biodiversity loss, and reducing climate change impacts. Over the weekend, CBS aired an interview with Pope Francis, the first he’s granted to a major U.S. television network. About climate change he told Norah O’Donnell, “Unfortunately, we have gotten to a point of no return.” What’s unfortunate is Norah O’Donnell didn’t explain the science that this is not true. We are not at a point of no return with climate change. We need to do more and faster, and there is hope.

I understand it’s probably intimidating to challenge the Pope during an interview on national television. However, what he says is taken as truth by millions of people. If he pointed to the many success cases we have, this would inspire the increase in climate action we need. People need to know they can and do have the opportunity right now to make a difference. We have to spread this message far and wide because time is running out. This next decade could turn the tide one way or the other, and we have the chance to be part of the solution.

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is the global authority on the status of the natural world and the measures needed to safeguard it. It’s documented that 44,000 species are at risk of extinction. If these extinctions happen, ecosystems will collapse and billions of people will struggle to have enough food, clean water, livelihoods such as fishing, homes, and cultural preservation, to name just a few of the severe impacts.

Re:wild is an incredible resource filled with hope and success stories backed by science. One of their recent article hit home for me because of my passion for nature-based solutions and rewilding: We don’t need to reinvent the planet; we need to rewild it.

The world’s forests store approximately 861 gigatonnes of carbon, equivalent to nearly a century’s worth of current annual fossil fuel emissions. Tropical rainforests store 50 percent of that. These forests are not just the trees – they’re a whole ecosystem including the fungi, soil, insects, and predators. “When there are pieces of that biodiversity missing, the carbon cycle is incomplete or much less efficient than it would be otherwise,” said Christopher Jordan, Re:wild Latin America director. Storing carbon and keeping it out of the atmosphere needs all parts of the forest. It needs biodiversity. The wild, not human-invented technology, is the most effective solution to the interconnected climate, biodiversity, and human well-being crises. 

This is what I wish the Pope had said about climate change because it’s true: There is hope. We have the solutions. Now, we need the will and humility to listen to nature and let her lead for our own sake and hers. We are all interconnected. We need each other.

creativity

A divestment case study: How the University of Cambridge divested from fossil fuels

Christa Avampato
University of Cambridge. Photo by Tim Alex on Unsplash

Driven by the university student protests across the country, divestment is a top topic in U.S. media today. I’m currently getting my Masters in Sustainability Leadership at the University of Cambridge. At our December 2023 workshop, I learned about the complexities of the university’s divestment from fossil fuel companies. 

I was fortunate to have a small seminar class with the lead researcher on this effort, Dr. Ellen Quigley, who is a brilliant, passionate, and seasoned researcher. We dove deep into the research, which is hundreds of pages long and took years of concentrated, concerted effort to conduct and use to drive change. There were years of negotiation throughout the university that ultimately led to a university vote in accordance with governance parameters.

I was particularly interested in this topic at my December workshop at Cambridge because in late 2022 at the start of my group project for my program, I tried to completely divest my personal retirement funds from fossil fuels. I had a clear goal of divestment from fossil fuels, and only a few funds at two financial institutions (one from my current job and another for my roll-over accounts from retirement funding I earned at previous jobs). I planned to talk to someone at the financial institutions, make a few changes to my investments, and have my portfolio free from fossil fuels. 

Divesting my own small retirement fund from fossil fuels was anything but simple. 18 months, many phone calls, emails, and hours of research later, and I still have some investments in fossil fuel companies despite all my efforts and time. It’s fewer than I had when I started this process, which is progress, but it’s not the perfect change I hoped for. My personal work to divest from fossil fuels in ongoing.

While the divestment process is complex, I wanted to use this post to provide a few insights from the efforts at Cambridge along with links to those who want to dive deeper into this topic and case study. This case study helped me learn more about the divestment process and informs me about how it could be utilized by university administrators, faculty, students, and alumni who want to be actively engaged in the management of a university’s endowment, overall financials, and operations. Of course, this is just one case study at one university and other divestment processes at other universities may differ in their journey and the results.  

A clear goal
A clear goal focuses efforts and time. In the case of my retirement funds, I wanted to divest from fossil fuels. For the University of Cambridge, their goal was more nuanced than mine because of the size, complexity, signaling, varied stakeholder community, and potential consequences (intentional and unintentional) of their divestment. To make a decision, Cambridge needed to consider whether it could divest from fossil fuels without incurring significant costs and/or if it must do so in order to retain supporters and beneficiaries.

Activism takes many forms
A single goal can have many different tactics, and different players can share the same goal and adopt different tactics. Cambridge’s constituencies were united around the science that proves fossil fuels are driving climate change. The decision process for the university as a whole was about which specific actions to take — divesting, government action, and many other stakeholder engagement options. 

The form(s) of activism best suited for any individual or organization has many considerations. Examples include organized protests, public letters and other media outreach, contact with elected and appointed officials and policy makers, local actions in a specific community (caring for a natural area through rewilding, replanting, regenerating, clean-ups, etc.), buying goods and services from companies that align with our values, running for elected or appointed office, having conversations with people in our community about our personal experiences, and starting, working, and volunteering for companies, organizations, and partners that align with our values. This is only a small list of possible actions. 

One thing I’ve learned in this process is one form of activism is not better, nor more valid, than another. How, when, and why people engage in activism is impacted by many circumstances — our resources of time and money, where we feel we can best contribute and make an impact, personal and professional commitments, and our mental and physical health to name just a few. 

Trade-offs, negotiations, and incremental progress
Another consideration in all divestment conversations is the topic of trade-offs and negotiations because it is rare (though perhaps not impossible) to find a perfect solution or action to a challenge we want to solve. As an individual, I only have to consider my own trade-offs. A university like Cambridge has many stakeholders to consider so their trade-offs and negotiations are much more complicated than mine as an individual.

A transition process is part of Cambridge’s plan to divest from fossil fuels. The University has committed to divestment from fossil fuels by 2030 and to achieving net zero by 2038. That net zero commitment is nearly 19 years after the discussions about fossil fuel divestment began in 2019. 

Divestment with a clear goal, an agreement on specific tactics and actions, an understanding of trade-offs, negotiations, and incremental progress is a journey. It takes continuous efforts by many people over a long period of time. Lasting change is a collective, collaborative process of coalitions. 

Here are the links I refer to in this post for easy access. I hope they’re helpful for anyone interested in learning more about divestment:

1.) Grace on Fossil Fuel Industry Ties: A report into the impacts of implementing the Grace on fossil fuel industry ties on Cambridge University’s mission (July 2023)
https://www.cam.ac.uk/notices/grace-on-fossil-fuel-industry-ties

2.) To Divest or to Engage? A Case Study of Investor Responses to Climate Activism (2020) 
https://www.pm-research.com/content/iijinvest/29/2/10

3.) Divestment: Advantages and Disadvantages for the University of Cambridge (2020)
https://www.cam.ac.uk/sites/www.cam.ac.uk/files/sm6_divestment_report.pdf

4.) Cambridge to Divest from Fossil Fuels with net zero plan(2020)
https://www.cam.ac.uk/news/cambridge-to-divest-from-fossil-fuels-with-net-zero-plan

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When milestones converge

Christa Avampato
Me on April 14, 2024

Yesterday was a big day for me, marked by many milestones:

I’ll be sharing more about all of this throughout the week. For now, I’m feel so much gratitude for all of this, and for the people who made all of this possible. Thank you, thank you, thank you.